Fundamental and practical flammability properties of 2l. This paper mainly contributed to the influence of two kinds of flame retardants on the flammability of r1234yf. As r1234yf is an a2l mildly flammable substance, sae standards have been developed for hoses and couplings. Like all automotive refrigerants, it is illegal to release r 1234yf into the atmosphere. A r1234yf calibrated gauge set with dedicated r1234yf couplers.
Used for mac, bus and train ac, orc, and mediumtemperature stationary applications. A comprehensive chemical mechanism has been developed to describe combustion of the refrigerant hfo 1234yf 2,3,3,3tetrafluroropropene, yf, revealing the dominant pathways for its stoichiometric combustion with o 2. Sae certified acx1280 r1234yf recovery machine continues to gain great customer feedback and industry award york, pa. It establishes requirements for equipment used to recharge r 1234yf to an accuracy level that meets section 9 of this document and purity levels defined in sae j2099. One of the reasons for that is the mild flammability of hfo1234yf. The refrigerant was ignited and flame propagation was observed. This novel mechanism is a quantumchemistrybased extension to a previous mechanism developed at nist for small fluorinated hydrocarbons. Barcelona girona madrid zaragoza 1 safety data r 1234yf sheet revision. Firstly, the flammability limits of r1234yf and the mixtures of r1234yf r227ea and r1234yf r4a were tested out. At this temperature, r1234zee is flammable and therefore classified in the same safety group a2l as r1234yf.
R1234yf refrigerant rollout coming in 2017 model year. The refrigerant r1234yf in air conditioning systems. Introduction over the last several years, much research and development effort has been focused on potential refrigerants possessing low global warming potentials gwps. Some machines will simply be described as spark free and thats ok, but the holding cylinder must also be rated for flammable gases.
It showed a mercedesbenz hatchback catching fire under the hood after 1234yf. The environmental alternative to traditional refrigerants. It also provides a close capacity match to r404a, extended operating envelope when compared to propane or air conditioning. The new refrigerant twelve34 is more flammable than the current one, but honeywelldupont, which makes the stuff, in china, says it is. Red and blue service hoses, the fittings are 12mm o ring fittings male with. The truth about new automotive ac refrigerant r1234yf auto. The new refrigerant twelve34 is more flammable than the current one, but honeywelldupont, which makes the stuff, says it is. Although the product is classified slightly flammable by the. Mvac applications by refrigerants with lower gwp such as r1234yf. Flammable refrigerants firefighter training marine chemist. This article is brought to you for free and open access by the department of automotive technology at opensiuc. This paper presents an energy performance evaluation of two lowgwp refrigerants, r1234yf and r1234zee, as dropin replacements for r4a. Using fault tree analysis fta the results of the crp1234 assessment showed that the risk associated with the use of r 1234yf in automotive vehicles is well below those commonly considered acceptable by the general public and regulatory agencies.
From a service and repair standpoint, r1234yf has similar thermal properties to r4a, meaning there are only minor system layout and design differences and faults can be diagnosed using the same methods as r4a. Cof2 is more toxic and dangerous than hf, and unfortunately, the. Because r1234yf is mildly flammable, shops should not just use an old r4a machine with fitting adapters. This test, captured on video by daimler on a b 180 class mercedes under. R 1234yf is considered a mildly flammable gas and should not be serviced near any open flame or significant source of energy e. More on making r1234yf in the usa its autoignition temperature is 405 degrees c, which means its harder to burn than paper. An eu directive bans the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases with global warming potential exceeding 150 for mobile air conditioning systems in motor vehicles since january 2011. Material safety data sheet dupont opteon yf version 2. This video shows the flammability test results for r32, r1234yf, and 89%r1234yf11%r4a. Hot surface ignition testing of r4a and r1234yf mixtures with pag 46 oil were evaluated in the first part of this paper.
Subscribers can view annotate, and download all of saes content. Its ultralow gwp of only 146 below 150 makes it an fgasready solution. Mobile air conditioning with fluorinated refrigerants. Honeywell solstice yf refrigerants technical bulletin. Refrigerant r1234yf performance comparison investigation. May 20, 2015 the mahle service solutions acx1280 is a new r1234yf recovery machine that is certified to meet all applicable performance and safety standards that are part of the stringent sae j2843 standard. Daimler sounds alarm on new ac refrigerant, may be flammable. Sae certified acx1280 r1234yf recovery machine continues. Burning test of refrigerant r32, r143a, r152a and r1234yf. Therefore, it is necessary to study the reduction or inhibition of flammability of r1234yf by different flame retardants. Significant work has been completed to assess the flammability characteristics of hfo 1234yf. This sae standard applies to equipment to be used with r 1234yf refrigerant only. Identification of the substance preparation and company undertaking product name hfo 1234yf, 2,3,3,3tetrafluoroprop1ene reach registration number 0001966561 company harp international ltd. Video cameras captured views of each vehicle from the left front and the left rear.
Yes, its mildly flammable but so is the gasoline in your car. The biggest difference is r1234yf s a2l flammability rating, which means it is mildly flammable. Daimler video claims 1234yf is dangerous vw says co2 is. Fundamental and practical flammability properties of 2l refrigerants national institute of advanced industrial science and technology aist kenji takizawa icr2015 workshop on risk assessment of mildly flammable refrigerants,august 20, 2015. In the video there is a test with 1234yf leaking and then there is a test with r4a leaking. I understand its much more expensive, plus its a flammable gas, unlike r4a, which. However, this only applies to transport and storage. Autoplay when autoplay is enabled, a suggested video will automatically play next. Hot surface ignition and fire propagation characteristics. Thus the current refrigerant tetrafluoroethane r4a has to be replaced. Free training videos for r 1234yf mobile ac systems. Combustion and flammability chemistry for the refrigerant. Pdf cop of refrigerants in heat pumps researchgate. This sae standard applies to equipment to be used with r1234yf refrigerant only.
Refrigerant service equipment is required to ensure. Refrigerant service equipment is required to ensure adequate refrigerant recovery to reduce emissions and provide for accurate recharging of mobile. In the case of r152a and r 1234yf, the concern is flammability. A second issue is the flammability of r1234yf, where testing has shown that, while flammable. No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. Hfo1234yf flammability no excuse for hc temptation vasa. This video shows the flammability test results for r32, r1234yf, and 89%r1234yf 11%r4a. That the combustion of cooling agent r1234yf releases toxic hydrogen fluoride is not news. While r 1234yf is very similar to r4a, there are some important differences.
R1234yf and r4a refrigerants comparisons are made between them. The truth about new automotive ac refrigerant r1234yf. It is also designated r 1234yf as the first of a new class of refrigerants. In safety data sheets, r1234zee is declared as non flammable. This kneejerk reaction must be avoided, not least because using hydrocarbon refrigerants means servicing air conditioning systems with gases. Purdue university purdue epubs international refrigeration and air conditioning conference school of mechanical engineering 2010 refrigerant r1234yf performance comparison.
Dropin energy performance evaluation of r1234yf and. Is a refrigerant change coming to heavy duty vehicles. On the other hand, the flammability property of r1234yf and r1234zee are. The flame propagation and the flammability envelope led to a. Vasa is aware of concerns in the industry over the flammability of hfo 1234yf and the temptation to switch to less expensive hydrocarbon refrigerants. While r4a definitely isnt as harmful to the ozone as. Hfo 1234yf 970 celsius flammability test for mobile air conditioning applications. Another issue affecting the compatibility between hfo1234yf and r4abased systems is the. This paper summarizes hot surface ignition characteristics of r4a and r1234yf automotive air conditioning fluids on typical underhood automotive surfaces that possess sufficient heat to ignite flammable or combustible fluids. I read that 1234yf is flammable, should i be worried. Hfo1234yf 600 celsius flammability test for mobile air conditioning applications. Pdf influence of refrigerant r4ar1234yf properties on. Tests are carried out in a monitored vapor compression system combining different values of evaporation and condensation temperature, and withoutwith the adoption of an internal heat exchanger. This video shows the flammability test results for r32, r1234yf, and 89% r1234yf 11%r4a.
R 1234yf, as well as service equipment requirements, ensuring that automotive technicians have a working knowledge of how to service vehicles that use r 1234yf, which replaces r4a. Hot surface ignition and fire propagation characteristics of. Up next burning test of refrigerant r32, r143a, r152a and r1234yf duration. The training program consists of three 10minute videos. Flammable refrigerants and safety in automotive applications preface this guide is the result of a joint project between refrigerant reclaim australia, vasa and ghd engineering to study the management of health and safety risks associated with the use of flammable gases, including refrigerants, in an automotive workshop environment. Hfo 1234yf flammability no excuse for hc temptation.
Refrigerant service equipment is required to ensure adequate refrigerant recovery to reduce emissions and provide for accurate. Though it is flammable per astm e681, it is significantly less so. It further investigates the effect, if any, that these two different fl. Tests in laboratory and car showed that the new refrigerant 1234yf selected by car industry can lead to fires.
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